Monday, July 21, 2014

Take Caution when Completing a “Tax Organizer” Provided by Your Tax Return Preparer

Tax Organizer - Sample Questions
Tax-Expatraition writes: This admonition might sound a bit silly, considering we are talking about a “Tax Organizer”; which is often (but not always) provided by the tax return preparer to their clients simply to collect and organize information.  It’s a communication between the taxpayer and the tax return preparer.
Tax Organizers come in all shapes, flavors and colors and have no real legal significance in and of themselves.  They ask a range of questions and request Tax Organizer - AICPAvarious information from their taxpayer clients.   They are meant to help taxpayers coordinate their information to provide the better organized information to the office  of the tax return preparer in finalizing and preparing the tax return.
The AICPA has a sample Tax Organizer that is 95 pages in length.  Most taxpayers quickly lose patience with detailed Tax Organizers and feel they are doing the work the tax return preparer is supposed to do in the first place.  Some taxpayers simply do not complete these Tax Organizers, or do so summarily, with only partial information provided.
In years past, Tax Organizers often did not ask any questions or information about foreign bank accounts or foreign financial accounts.  There are still plenty of Tax Organizers that are being used, which do not expressly raise this question.
The first set of questions in the image at the beginning of the post, is from a Tax Organizer that asks a series of questions Tax Organizer - Sample Questionsregarding foreign accounts.  This becomes important due to the law of Title 31 regarding foreign accounts.  Of course, for the USC and LPR residing outside the U.S., their accounts in their home country of residence are necessarily “foreign accounts” as defined under the law, even if they are in the country where the person resides (which does not sound “foreign”).  See, *Nuances of FBAR – Foreign Bank Account Report Filings – for USCs and LPRs living outside the U.S.
The admonition in this post is because the government has made Tax Organizers a very big deal in cases where they have asserted the 50% civil willfulness penalty (including for multiple years in Zwerner).  The government argued vociferously that since the taxpayers checked the box “No” on the Tax Organizer regarding foreign accounts, in both the Williams (very bad facts – due to admitted tax criminal conduct) and the Zwerner cases, this indicated the taxpayers had either “constructive knowledge” or were “willfully blind” as to the requirements they had under the law to file FBARs.
Of course, filling out an incomplete Tax Organizer with your tax return preparer is not a crime; unless the individual knows the information is false and will be provided to the IRS by their accountant.  For a summary of the crime of filing a “false document”, see What could be the focal point of IRS Criminal Investigations of Former U.S. Citizens and Lawful Permanent Residents?
The “takeaway” from these two cases and how Tax Organizers are used by accountants, is that the individual is probably better off simply not using at all any Tax Organizer.  This way, how it  was completed (or not) cannot be construed and used against the individual as somehow showing willfulness under the FBAR penalty.

Posted on 7:34 PM | Categories:

Top Ten Tax Facts if You Sell Your Home

Do you know that if you sell your home and make a profit, the gain may not be taxable? That’s just one key tax rule that you should know. Here are ten facts to keep in mind if you sell your home this year.

1. If you have a capital gain on the sale of your home, you may be able to exclude your gain from tax. This rule may apply if you owned and used it as your main home for at least two out of the five years before the date of sale.
2. There are exceptions to the ownership and use rules. Some exceptions apply to persons with a disability. Some apply to certain members of the military and certain government and Peace Corps workers. For details seePublication 523, Selling Your Home.
3. The most gain you can exclude is $250,000. This limit is $500,000 for joint returns. The Net Investment Income Tax will not apply to the excluded gain.
4. If the gain is not taxable, you may not need to report the sale to the IRS on your tax return.
5. You must report the sale on your tax return if you can’t exclude all or part of the gain. And you must report the sale if you choose not to claim the exclusion. That’s also true if you get Form 1099-S, Proceeds From Real Estate Transactions. If you report the sale you should review theQuestions and Answers on the Net Investment Income Tax on IRS.gov.
6. Generally, you can exclude the gain from the sale of your main home only once every two years.
7. If you own more than one home, you may only exclude the gain on the sale of your main home. Your main home usually is the home that you live in most of the time.
8. If you claimed the first-time homebuyer credit when you bought the home, special rules apply to the sale. For more on those rules see Publication 523.
9. If you sell your main home at a loss, you can’t deduct it.
10. After you sell your home and move, be sure to give your new address to the IRS. You can send the IRS a completed Form 8822, Change of Address, to do this.

Important note about the Premium Tax Credit. If you receive advance payment of the Premium Tax Credit in 2014 it is important that you report changes in circumstances, such as changes in your income or family size, to your Health Insurance Marketplace. You should also notify the Marketplace when you move out of the area covered by your current Marketplace plan. Advance payments of the premium tax credit provide financial assistance to help you pay for the insurance you buy through the Health Insurance Marketplace. Reporting changes will help you get the proper type and amount of financial assistance so you can avoid getting too much or too little in advance.

If you still need to do your 2013 taxes, use IRS e-file to prepare and file your tax return. The tax software will do most of the hard work for you. You can use IRS e-file through Oct. 15. If you file a paper return, you may use the worksheets in Publication 523 to help you file.
For more on the sale of a home see Publication 523 on IRS.gov. You can call 800-TAX-FORM (800-829-3676) to get it by mail.
Posted on 10:17 AM | Categories:

Is it time to adopt fixed-fee billing in your accounting firm?

From Australia Stacey Leeke  for Tax & Accounting Insight writes: Is your accounting firm finally ready to wave goodbye to the beloved billable hour? If so, what are the alternatives to hourly billing? What are the pros and cons of different models? And what challenges can you expect when transitioning?
It’s no secret that clients are becoming increasingly demanding about price certainty and transparency. The traditional time-based billing model has long been a limiting factor for accounting practices in meeting those demands. However, despite all the talk about the pros of switching to a value-based billing model, the reality has been slow to take. In fact, 71.5 per cent of firms surveyed by BRW still charge clients by the hour.
That conservative 71.5 per cent can’t be blamed for their unwillingness to stray from the comforts of traditional time-based billing. There are costs and upheavals in a business associated with changing such ingrained systems. However, proponents of value-based pricing claim a plethora of benefits for both clients and fee earners, which have all been well publicised over the last few years.
What are the alternatives?
Value-based billing is essentially the implementation of upfront agreed-upon prices that take account of the complexity of the client, the tasks, the expertise offered by the firm and the particulars of a specific engagement.
At its simplest, value-based pricing may incorporate the adoption of an a la carte menu of fixed fee tasks or accounting packages. An increasingly common feature of firms is also a flat monthly rate for the continued provision of accounting services within a defined scope.
Can value-based billing work for all areas of accounting?
Trevor Clark, director at Clark & Associates and Focus Growth Strategies, says there’s no reason why accountants shouldn’t price their services in the same value-based manner as other industries.
“We should be able to say, ‘I know this will take me 10 hours and that’s my aim so I’m going to charge accordingly’,” Clark says.
However, some would argue that it’s impossible to accurately predetermine fees for complex, document-heavy projects without reference to time.
Matthew Tol, a chartered accountant and principal who transitioned his firm MTA Optima to fixed pricing in 2007, disagrees.
“There’s no limit to what the basic premise of value-based accounting can be applied, provided the job can be broken down into stages or outcomes, even if they are contingent.”
Transitioning tips and traps
Transitioning to value-based billing is by no means an overnight event. It will take serious planning and commitment, so be aware of these tips and traps. [snip].   The article continues at Tax & Accounting Insight, click here to continue reading...
Posted on 5:58 AM | Categories: